From: Dictionary of American Fighting Ships

A town in Washington County, N.Y., at the southern end of Lake Champlain. Whitehall has been called the birthplace of the United States Navy since that was where Benedict Arnold constructed 16 small ships in 1776 to prevent a British fleet from invading American territory down the Lake Champlain-Hudson River corridor. The American ships were defeated on 11 October 1776 at the Battle of Valcour Island, but they delayed the British advance and then won a great strategic victory by enabling the Americans to have another year in which to strengthen their forces in the area. Thus, a year later, the Americans defeated the British at Saratoga in the pivotal battle of the War for Independence.

(SwGbt.: t. 326; l. 126'; b. 28'2"; dr. 8'; a. 2 32-pdr. P.r., 2 32-pdrs.)

Whitehall-a side-wheel gunboat and converted ferry built in 1850 at Brooklyn, N.Y.-was purchased by the Navy there on 10 October 1861 and was commissioned soon thereafter at the New York Navy Yard, Acting Master Francis P. Allen in command.

Assigned to the South Atlantic Blockading Squadron, Whitehall sailed for Port Royal, S.C., but her unseaworthy condition prevented her completing the voyage south. She put in to Philadelphia in early November for emergency repairs and stopped again at Hampton Roads for the same purpose a few days later. Whitehall left Newport News for Port Royal on 6 November only to be forced back to Hampton Roads by high seas on 6 November. On 7 November, carpenters examining Whitehall declared her unseaworthy. Nevertheless, she was badly needed at Port Royal and proceeded south towed by Connecticut on 12 November 1861. Again Whitehall turned back, reentering Hampton Roads on 13 November 1861. That same day, she was ordered to Baltimore for an extensive overhaul.

Whitehall was reassigned to the North Atlantic Blockading Squadron in Hampton Roads on 29 November 1861. She departed the Virginia capes on 6 December 1861, bound for Annapolis, Md., to pick up arms and provisions for the squadron and returned to Hampton Roads. On 29 December 1861, Whitehall and eight other steamers engaged CSS Sea Bird in the roads shortly after the Confederate steamer had captured a water schooner and attacked the Army steamer, Express, which had been towing it. After an action lasting one-half hour, Sea Bird withdrew from the battle and retired under the protection of Confederate shore batteries. Whitehall and Morse covered Union forces as they withdrew.

On 2 January 1862, Whitehall got underway for Hatteras Inlet, N.C. However, she immediately became disabled and returned to Hampton Roads. Flag Officer Louis M. Goldsborough, commanding the North Atlantic Blockading Squadron, called Whitehall "the worst sea boat of all the ferryboats with which I have had to do, and certainly the most unfortunate." A survey taken of the vessel on 22 February 1862 found both her machinery and hull badly deteriorated.

Whitehall saw her final action on 8 and 9 March 1862 against the Confederate ironclad CSS Virginia, the former Merrimack. On 8 March, federal gunboats, including Whitehall, attempted to draw the Rebel vessel away from Union warships anchored off Newport News. Failing this, Whitehall engaged Confederate steamers Yorktown and Jamestown, inflicting minor damage. During the Monitor-Virginia engagement on 9 March 1862, Whitehall and the rest of the Union fleet abstained from direct battle, preferring to fire long-range, ineffective shots at Virginia. Whitehall suffered three casualties and had parts of her upperworks burned by Confederate shot during the two days of activity.

Early on the morning of 10 March 1862 at Old Point Comfort, Va., a flash fire swept and totally destroyed Whitehall. There were no casualties.