From Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships,
Vol. VI (1976), pp. 436-438
A member of a tribe of Muskhogen Indians who lived in Florida until 1843
when they were transferred to the Indian Territory.
(AKA-104: dp. 14,160; l. 459'2"; b. 63'; dr.
26'4"; s. 16.5 k.; cpl. 425; a. 1 5", 8 40mm. AA; cl. Tolland;
T. C2-S-AJ3)
The fourth Seminole was built in 1944 under a Maritime Commission
contract (MC hull 1703), by the North Carolina Shipbuilding Co., Wilmington,
N.C.; launched on 28 December 1944; sponsored by Miss Pamela Cole; commissioned
on 8 March 1945 at the Charleston (S.C.) Navy Yard, Lt. Comdr. E. L. Bothwell,
Assistant to the Captain of the Yard, in temporary command.
Following shakedown in Chesapeake Bay from 25 to 28 March 1945, the attack
cargo ship operated along the east coast until 8 April when she departed
Norfolk for the Canal Zone. Seminole transited the Panama Canal on
14 to 15 April and arrived at Pearl Harbor on the 30th.
From 1 through 27 May, Seminole engaged in training cruises off the
Hawaiian Islands. On the 28th, she got underway for the Marshall Islands
and arrived at Eniwetok on 6 June. Seminole independently zigzagged
her way to Ulithi, Caroline Islands, from 17 to 21 June where she loaded
antitank mines for Okinawan operations. Arriving at Buckner Bay, Okinawa,
on 14 July Seminole unloaded her cargo on the 17th. On 18 July, general
quarters were sounded, and the AKA steamed southward to avoid a typhoon.
The hazard over by 20 July, Seminole returned to Buckner Bay the
following day. She took similar measures during a typhoon warning from 1
to 3 August.
On 6 August, Seminole departed Buckner Bay for Ulithi, and in spite
of trouble in her fuel lines, arrived on the 10th. On the 13th, she got
underway for the Palaus and arrived at Peleliu Island the following day.
Seminole loaded cargo at Peleliu and departed on 21 August bound
for the Marianas. After anchoring in Saipan Harbor on the 24th, she unloaded
cargo there and at Tanapag and Tinian before getting underway for Guam.
Seminole remained in Apra Harbor, Guam from 1 to 4 September, before
sailing for the Philippines.
Seminole entered San Pedro Bay, Leyte, on 8 September, steamed to
Guiuan, Samar Island, on the 10th, where she transferred four LCVP's and
eight LCM's before steaming to Iloilo, Panay Island, on the 12th.
From 12 to 17 September, Seminole loaded general cargo, ammunition,
vehicles, landing craft, and gasoline for the 40th Division. Then, on the
18th, she got underway for Jinsen, Korea, and anchored there a week later.
Seminole returned to Leyte on 7 October. She remained in Filipino
waters, loading cargo at various points, until the 18th when she stood out
of San Fernando Harbor, Luzon, for Korea. After unloading equipment and
84 officers and men of the 6th Division at Jinsen Seminole again
set out for the Philippines, anchoring in Guiuan Harbor, Samar, on 5 November.
On 1 December, the attack cargo ship departed Leyte Gulf, and arrived in
San Francisco, Calif., on 2 March 1946, after stopping off at Tsingtao,
Guam, and Pearl Harbor. During the postwar years from 1946 to 1950, Seminole
operated along the west coast, and at Pearl Harbor, Guam, and other Pacific
ports.
In Puget Sound when war broke out in Korea in the summer of 1950, Seminole
and sister ship, Washburn (AKA-108), got underway for Yokosuka, Japan.
She changed her course in accordance with a dispatch of 30 August and arrived
at Kobe the next day. After voyage repairs at the Mitsubishi dockyards and
lashing down for typhoon "Jane," Seminole loaded military
cargo and got underway for Pusan, Korea, on 4 September accompanied by Pickaway
(APA-222) and Fort Marion (LSD-22). Seminole returned to Kobe
that same day in compliance with a confidential dispatch, fueled to capacity,
and got underway independently at 0027 on the 5th.
Seminole moored in Pusan Harbor on 6 September. On 8 September, she
commenced loading cargo, supplies and equipment of the 1st Marine Provisional
Brigade. Five war correspondents reported on board on the 11th and 301 U.S.
marines and 58 ROK marines embarked the next day. On 15 September, Seminole
lowered and dispatched her boats for the opposed landings on Red Beach,
Inchon. From 16 to 20 September the AKA continued to offload her cargo.
On the 21st she evacuated six marine casualties and debarked them at Sasebo,
Japan, on the 23d.
After repairs to the ship and her boats, Seminole stood out of Kobe
on 5 October and arrived at Inchon on the 8th. Seminole began loading
troops and equipment of the 1st Marine Division the next day and took on
additional troops and cargo until standing out of the harbor on the 17th.
Seminole and accompanying ships reversed their course back and forth
several times until the mine fields at Wonsan had been cleared. She entered
Wonsan Harbor on 25 October and landed marines and offloaded cargo until
the 30th.
Seminole departed Wonsan Harbor on 1 November, reaching Pusan the
next day. After embarking men of the 65th Regimental Combat Team and the
58th Field Artillery Battalion, she disembarked them at Wonsan on 7 November.
Two days later, Seminole got underway for Pusan and sank a mine with
fire from small arms and 20 millimeter guns en route. Seminole anchored
in Pusan on 10 November, where she loaded troops, X Corps, before getting
underway on the next day.
Seminole returned to Wonsan Harbor on the 12th, disembarked the soldiers,
and performed upkeep and maintenance until standing out for Japan on 17
November. Seminole arrived at Yokosuka Harbor on 20 November, remaining
there until the end of the month. Early in December, the attack transport
returned to Korea to evacuate troops who had been endangered by the entry
of Chinese Communist forces into the war. The ship entered Wonsan Harbor
on the 4th, and embarked a platoon of the 3d Infantry Division and their
equipment. From 5 to 7 December, additional elements of the 3d Infantry
Division, including the Division Band, eame on board. On 9 December, Seminole
stood into Hungnam, Korea. For the remainder of 1950, Seminole completed
several trips between Hungnam and Pusan, ferrying Japanese stevedores, as
well as 3d Division and ROK soldiers. Seminole anchored at Kobe Harbor
on 29 December
On 13 January 1951, Seminole stood out of Kobe en route to Korea,
anchoring at the Pusan outer harbor the next day. From 23 to 28 January,
Seminole transported North Korean and Chinese prisoners of war from
Pusan to Sadung Ni. On the 29th, Seminole interrupted this work to
engage in simulated amphibious movements and assault landings along the
eastern coast. The ruse, between 29 and 31 January, caused the enemy to
deploy his troops where they did not threaten U. N. forces.
Her mission completed, Seminole returned to the ferrying of POW's
on 2 February. On 8 February additional simulated assault landings were
made. On 10 February, Seminole departed Inchon for Japan and arrived
at Sasebo on the 12th. She made one more trip to Korea and back that month,
returning to Yokosuka Harbor on the 25th.
Seminole departed Sasebo on 4 April, arriving at Hong Kong on the
16th. On 9 July she stood into San Diego Harbor. Seminole operated
along the west coast until 29 November 1952, then she returned to Yokosuka.
Departing Yokosuka on 5 December, Seminole resumed her operations
in Korean and Japanese waters. On 10 April 1953, Seminole departed
Japan as a part of Task Group 90.9 which redeployed the 5th Cavalry Regimental
Combat Team from Pusan and Koje Do Korea, to Otaru, Janan. Arriving at Pusan
on 13 April Seminole loaded vehicles, drivers, and 500 troops before
returning to Otaru on 27 April.
Seminole continued her operations in Japanese and Korean waters well
after the signing of the truce on 27 July 1953. From 28 July to 12 September,
she ferried almost 10,000 North Korean and Chinese POW's in Operation "Big
Switch" from Koje Do to Inchon. On 22 September, she departed Asian
waters and arrived at San Diego on Columbus Day 1953.
On 14 September 1954, Seminole departed the west coast. She arrived
at Yokosuka on 2 October, Hong Kong on the 10th, and Sasebo on the 29th.
On 30 November 1955, the attack transport ship stood into Subic Bay, Philippines,
and arrived at Saigon, Vietnam, on New Year's Eve. After evacuating refugees
from North Vietnam and the Tachen Islands, she departed Saigon on 11 January
1956. Seminole returned to Japan, standing into Kobe on the 27th.
Seminole departed Kobe on 6 February and proceeded to Buckner Bay,
Okinawa. On 24 February, she departed the Ryukvus for Japan and thence proceeded
to San Diego via Pearl Harbor. For the remainder of 1956, Seminole
operated along the west coast and Alaska. In January of 1957, she again
set sail for Yokosuka. Seminole operated off Japan, Okinawa, and
Korea until her return to San Diego on 26 September. Back in Yokosuka on
3 July 1958, the AKA remained in east Asian waters until her return to San
Diego on 8 December.
Seminole continued her active service into the 1960's. On 1 July
1966, Seminole was assigned to Amphibious Squadron 9. On 24 February
1967, the squadron departed Chin Wan, Okinawa, and arrived off the mouth
of the Cua Viet, South Vietnam, on 1 March. There, they embarked marines
for rotation, and arrived at Chin Wan on 13 March. On 14 April, Seminole
assisted in the rescue of 28 survivors of SS Silver Peak, which had
been run aground by typhoon "Violet."
Seminole participated in Operation "Beaver Cage," an amphibious
and helicopterborne assault in support of the 1st Marine Division from 28
April to 13 May. Planning commenced immediately for operation "Beau
Charger," an amphibious and helicopter assault for a search and destroy
operation near the DMZ. This operation, executed between 18 and 22 May,
inflicted losses upon the enemy in an area he had considered his sanctuary.
On 18 June, Operation "Beacon Torch" was launched near Hoi An.
After disrupting enemy base areas, fortifications, and lines of communications,
the 5th Marines were withdrawn on 2 July and inserted just south of the
DMZ to help counter an urgent North Vietnamese threat in Operation "Bear
Track," 4 through 17 July. Three days later, Operation "Bear Chain"
was launched against enemy strongholds south of Hue, terminating on 25 July.
A short duration, surprise amphibious assault in the vicinity of Hue, was
followed by a search and destroy sweep inland, Operation "Kangaroo
Kick."
Seminole next headed for a much-needed upkeep period, arriving at
Subic Bay on 5 August. The last operation of this deployment came on 27
August with an amphibious landing near Quang Tri. Operation "Belt Drive,"
as it was named, came to a successful completion on 5 September and deterred
enemy terrorism over the election period. Seminole's unit departed
Vietnamese waters on 1 September, however, to return to the United States
west coast, via Hong Kong and Subic Bay. She arrived at her homeport, San
Diego, on 21 September.
From 24 April to 3 May 1968 Seminole participated in fleet exercise
"Beagle Leash" off the California islands of Coronado and San
Clemente. On 1 August Seminole participated in a joint convoy exercise
while in transit from San Diego to Pearl Harbor.
On 10 October, during an upkeep period in Subic Bay, Seminole relieved
Merrick (AKA-97). On the 23d she entered Kaoshiung for a port visit.
On 28 October Seminole proceeded independently to join the ARG in
Danang on the 30th. She was detached on 13 November for a round-trip voyage
to Singapore and rejoined the task group on 26 November. Seminole
got underway for Hong Kong on 6 December, arriving on the 8th.
After spending Christmas in Hong Kong, Seminole stood out of the
harbor on 27 December 1968 to rejoin her unit off the Vietnamese coast near
Danang.
On 12 January 1969, Seminole's squadron participated in the Mo Due
demonstration. Seminole remained in the Mo Due area alone to continue
the demonstration, thus missing Operation "Bold Mariner," the
largest amphibious operation since the Inchon landings. On 6 February, the
LKA offloaded Seatail material and steamed singly for Yokosuka on the 14th.
Amphibious Squadron 9 rejoined Seminole at Yokosuka on 26 February.
On 14 July, Seminole grounded on Puget Shoals after a port visit
in the Olympia area. She rejoined Amphibious Squadron 9 at Buckner Bay on
1 December. The squadron got underway for Subic Bay the next day and finished
the year in upkeep.
Following additional upkeep, training, and an amphibious demonstration for
students and faculty from the Vietnamese Defense College, Seminole
departed Subic Bay on 25 January 1970 for Vietnam and Operation "Keystone
Bluejay." The amphibious cargo ship completed loading marines and equipment
on 29 January and delivered them to San Diego on 24 February.
On 23 September, in her 25th year of active service, Seminole was
transferred to the Inactive Ship Facility, San Diego. She was placed out
of commission in reserve on 23 December 1970.
Seminole received six battle stars for service in the Korean Confliet
and six campaign stars for service in Vietnam.